歐盟將強(qiáng)制所有手機(jī)使用USB-C充電接口
EU rules to force USB-C chargers for all phones
根據(jù)歐盟委員會(huì)（EC）提出的新規(guī)，制造商將被迫為手機(jī)和小型電子設(shè)備提供通用充電解決方案。
Manufacturers will be forced to create a universal charging solution for phones and small electronic devices, under a new rule proposed by the European Commission (EC).
其目的是通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)消費(fèi)者在購(gòu)買(mǎi)新設(shè)備時(shí)重復(fù)使用現(xiàn)有充電設(shè)備來(lái)減少浪費(fèi)。
The aim is to reduce waste by encouraging consumers to re-use existing chargers when buying a new device.
該提案稱(chēng)，在歐盟銷(xiāo)售的所有智能手機(jī)都必須配備USB-C充電器。
All smartphones sold in the EU must have USB-C chargers, the proposal said.
蘋(píng)果公司警告，此舉將遏制創(chuàng)新。
Apple has warned such a move would harm innovation.
蘋(píng)果公司生產(chǎn)的智能手機(jī)使用定制充電端口，其iPhone系列使用蘋(píng)果制造的“閃電”連接線。
The tech giant is the main manufacturer of smartphones using a custom charging port, as its iPhone series uses an Apple-made "Lightning" connector.
蘋(píng)果公司告訴英國(guó)廣播公司：“我們堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，嚴(yán)格規(guī)定只能使用一種連接線會(huì)扼殺創(chuàng)新，而不是鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新，這反而會(huì)損害歐洲和世界各地消費(fèi)者的利益。”
"We remain concerned that strict regulation mandating just one type of connector stifles innovation rather than encouraging it, which in turn will harm consumers in Europe and around the world," the firm told the BBC.
大多數(shù)安卓手機(jī)都配有USB micro-B充電端口，或者已經(jīng)更新為更現(xiàn)代的USB-C端口。
Most Android phones come with USB micro-B charging ports, or have already moved to the more modern USB-C standard.
iPad和MacBook的新機(jī)型使用USB-C充電端口，三星和華為等知名高端安卓手機(jī)制造商也使用USB-C充電端口。
New models of the iPad and MacBook use USB-C charging ports, as do high-end phone models from popular Android manufacturers such as Samsung and Huawei.
規(guī)定要求設(shè)備主體上的充電端口需要更改為USB-C，而連接到插頭的電纜端可以是USB-C或USB-A。
The changes would apply to the charging port on the device body, whereas the end of the cable connecting to a plug could be USB-C or USB-A.
歐盟委員會(huì)2019年的一項(xiàng)影響評(píng)估研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，2018年在歐盟銷(xiāo)售的手機(jī)充電器中，約有一半采用USB micro-B接口，29%采用USB-C接口，21%采用“閃電”接口。
Around half of chargers sold with mobile phones in the European Union in 2018 had a USB micro-B connector, while 29% had a USB-C connector and 21% a Lightning connector, a Commission impact assessment study in 2019 found.
該提案還對(duì)快速充電速度進(jìn)行了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，這意味著能夠快速充電的設(shè)備將以相同的速度充電。
The proposal also standardizes fast charging speeds - meaning devices capable of fast charging will be charged at the same speeds.
十多年來(lái)，歐盟政客一直在為通用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而努力，歐盟委員會(huì)的研究估計(jì)，廢棄和未使用的充電線每年會(huì)產(chǎn)生超過(guò)11000噸的廢物。
EU politicians have been campaigning for a common standard for over a decade, with the Commission's research estimating that disposed of and unused charging cables generate more than 11,000 tonnes of waste per year.
在歐盟，2020年銷(xiāo)售了約4.2億部手機(jī)和其他便攜式電子設(shè)備。
In the European Union, around 420 million mobile phones and other portable electronic devices were sold in the last year.
普通人大約有三個(gè)手機(jī)充電器，其中兩個(gè)經(jīng)常使用。
The average person owns around three mobile phone chargers, of which they use two regularly.
2009年，共有30多種不同的充電器，而現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)手機(jī)型號(hào)都使用三種——USB-C、“閃電”和USB micro-B。
In 2009, there were more than 30 different chargers, whereas now most models stick to three - the USB-C, Lightning and USB micro-B.
這項(xiàng)提案可能需要若干年才能生效。
It may be a number of years before the proposals come into effect.
歐洲議會(huì)和各國(guó)政府將針對(duì)這項(xiàng)指令進(jìn)行辯論。
The legislative proposal, known as a Directive, will be debated by the European Parliament and national governments.
歐洲議會(huì)議員和成員國(guó)可對(duì)提案提出修改意見(jiàn)。只有在歐盟委員會(huì)同意這些修改意見(jiàn)后，該指令才能通過(guò)。
MEPs and member states may suggest amendments to the proposal. Only once the EC has agreed these amendments, will the directive be enacted.
歐盟委員會(huì)希望在2022年頒布該指令——此后，成員國(guó)一般有兩年的時(shí)間將該項(xiàng)指令寫(xiě)入本國(guó)法律，制造商將有24個(gè)月的時(shí)間更換充電端口。
The EC hopes that will happen in 2022 - after which member states usually have two years to enact the rules into national law, and manufacturers will have 24 months to change their charging ports.
歐盟委員會(huì)副主席瑪格麗特?維斯塔格表示：“我們給了業(yè)界足夠的時(shí)間來(lái)提出他們自己的解決方案，現(xiàn)在采取立法行動(dòng)統(tǒng)一充電器的時(shí)機(jī)已經(jīng)成熟。這對(duì)我們的消費(fèi)者和環(huán)境來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)重要的勝利，符合我們的綠色和數(shù)字化發(fā)展目標(biāo)?！?
"We gave industry plenty of time to come up with their own solutions, now time is ripe for legislative action for a common charger. This is an important win for our consumers and environment and in line with our green and digital ambitions," Commission Vice President Margrethe Vestager said.
